Moderate

The value of kc is changed by change in temperature because:

Correct answer: D. Equilibrium position shift without any substance being added or removed

  • A. Reactants become more reactive than products
  • B. The rate of reaction is increased
  • C. The activation energy of reaction is decreased
  • D. Equilibrium position shift without any substance being added or removed

Explanation

The value of Kc, is a constant at a given temperature and represents the ratio of the concentrations of products to the concentrations of reactants at equilibrium. It indicates the extent to which a reaction proceeds in the forward or reverse direction. When the temperature of a system at equilibrium is changed, it affects the equilibrium position. According to Le Chatelier's principle, a system at equilibrium will respond to a change by shifting the equilibrium position in a way that minimizes the effect of the change. In the case of a change in temperature, the system will shift in the direction that either absorbs or releases heat. If the temperature is increased, the system will shift in the endothermic direction to consume the excess heat. This means that the value of Kc will decrease. Conversely, if the temperature is decreased, the system will shift in the exothermic direction to produce more heat, resulting in an increase in the value of Kc.

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About Chemical Equilibrium

Reversible reactions reach dynamic equilibrium when forward and reverse rates become equal, and Le Chatelier's principle predicts the effect of changing concentration, pressure or temperature. The chapter also covers solubility product, the common ion effect, buffer action and the conditions used in Haber's process, with equilibrium shifts distinguished from changes in the equilibrium constant.

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