The temperature of the system decreses in the process of:
Correct answer: B. Adiabatic expansion
- A. Free expansion
- B. Adiabatic expansion
- C. Isothermal expansion
- D. Isothermal compression
Explanation
The correct answer is Adiabatic expansion. In adiabatic expansion, there is no heat exchange with the surroundings, and the gas does work on the surroundings, leading to a decrease in its internal energy, which is reflected as a decrease in temperature.For Free expansion, there is no work done and no heat exchange, so the temperature remains constant. In Isothermal expansion and Isothermal compression, the temperature remains constant due to heat exchange with the surroundings that exactly balances the work done or work received.
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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