The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy of the particles of substance is called:
Correct answer: D. Internal energy
- A. Heat capacity
- B. Specific heat
- C. External energy
- D. Internal energy
Explanation
Option D is correct because internal energy includes both kinetic energy, which arises from the random movement of particles, and potential energy, which arises from the forces between particles and their positions relative to each other. The internal energy of a substance is a measure of its thermal energy, reflecting the total energy stored within the substance due to the motion and interactions of its constituent particles.
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About Thermochemistry and Energetics of Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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