The kinetic energy of particles is due to:
Correct answer: D. All of them
- A. Vibrational movements
- B. Translational movements
- C. Rotational movements
- D. All of them
Explanation
Option D is correct as in solid substances, particles are arranged in a fixed lattice, and they vibrate around their equilibrium positions. This vibrational motion contributes to the kinetic energy of particles in solids. This refers to the linear movement of particles as they move through space. In gases and liquids, particles have significant translational motion, and their kinetic energy is primarily attributed to this motion. In complex molecules, particles can also exhibit rotational motion. The rotation of molecules around their axis contributes to their kinetic energy.
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About Thermochemistry and Energetics of Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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