The product of pressure and volume decreases in an:
Correct answer: A. Adiabatic expansion
- A. Adiabatic expansion
- B. Adiabatic compression
- C. Both a and b
- D. None of these
Explanation
In an adiabatic expansion, the gas expands without heat exchange with the surroundings, leading to a decrease in internal energy and temperature. According to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, if the volume increases and temperature decreases, the pressure must decrease to maintain the equality, resulting in a decreased product of pressure and volume.In contrast, during adiabatic compression, the gas is compressed, causing an increase in pressure and temperature, which results in an increase in the product of pressure and volume. Therefore, only adiabatic expansion results in a decrease in the product of pressure and volume.
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Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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