The principle of a capacitor is based on which of the following facts?
Correct answer: D. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge stored in it.
- A. The potential of a conductor increases when the charge on it decreases, but this affects the charge stored in it.
- B. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced when the charge on it increases.
- C. The potential of a conductor increases without affecting the charge stored in it.
- D. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge stored in it.
- E. The potential of a conductor increases as the charge on it increases.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge in it. This is the fundamental principle behind capacitors, which are used to store electric charge by reducing the electric potential of a conductor while maintaining its charge. This is achieved by introducing another conductor, either earth-connected or oppositely charged, in proximity to the first. Other options are incorrect because they either involve increasing potential or affecting the charge, which do not describe how capacitors function.
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About Alternating Current
Alternating current varies periodically, so phase relationships become essential when current passes through a resistor, capacitor or inductor. The chapter distinguishes resistance from capacitive and inductive reactance, explains phase lead and lag, and connects changing electric and magnetic fields with the production and properties of electromagnetic waves.
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