The principle of a capacitor is based on which of the following facts?
Correct answer: D. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge stored in it.
- A. The potential of a conductor increases when the charge on it decreases, but this affects the charge stored in it.
- B. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced when the charge on it increases.
- C. The potential of a conductor increases without affecting the charge stored in it.
- D. The potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge stored in it.
- E. The potential of a conductor increases as the charge on it increases.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the potential of a conductor is greatly reduced without affecting the charge in it. This is the fundamental principle behind capacitors, which are used to store electric charge by reducing the electric potential of a conductor while maintaining its charge. This is achieved by introducing another conductor, either earth-connected or oppositely charged, in proximity to the first. Other options are incorrect because they either involve increasing potential or affecting the charge, which do not describe how capacitors function.
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