The ionization energy of N is more than that of oxygen because
Correct answer: A. Nitrogen has half-filled p-orbitals, which provide extra stability.
- A. Nitrogen has half-filled p-orbitals, which provide extra stability.
- B. Nitrogen atom is smaller in size than oxygen atom.
- C. Nitrogen contains fewer electrons than oxygen.
- D. Nitrogen is less electronegative than oxygen.
Explanation
The correct answer is that the ionization energy of nitrogen is higher than that of oxygen because nitrogen has half-filled p-orbitals. Half-filled orbitals are particularly stable due to reduced electron repulsion and increased exchange energy, making it harder to remove an electron. Option A is correct as it highlights this stability.Option B is incorrect because, although atomic size can affect ionization energy, the primary reason here is the stability of the half-filled orbitals. Option C is incorrect because the number of electrons does not directly influence the ionization energy difference in this context. Option D is incorrect because electronegativity pertains to the ability to attract electrons, not to ionization energy, which involves removing an electron.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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