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The internal energy of a system during an isothermal process:

Correct answer: D. Remains constant

  • A. Decreases
  • B. Increases
  • C. Becomes zero
  • D. Remains constant

Explanation

For an ideal gas, internal energy depends only on its temperature. Since an isothermal process occurs at a constant temperature by definition, the internal energy of the ideal gas remains constant throughout the process.

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About First Law of Thermodynamics

The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.

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