The first transgenic crop was:
Correct answer: A. Tobacco
- A. Tobacco
- B. Cotton
- C. Pea
- D. Flax
Explanation
Transgenic plants are those plants in which a foreign gene has been introduced and stably integrated into host DNA. The first transgenic plants were produced in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). A gene resistant to PPT (L-phosphinothricin), an active ingredient of herbicide 'Basta', was isolated from Medicago sativa. It inhibits the enzyme GS (glutamine synthase) which is involved in ammonia assimilation. This gene resistant to PPT was incorporated into tobacco, as a result of which transgenic tobacco was produced which was resistant to PPT.
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Biotechnology in health care applies biological organisms, cells or enzymes to diagnose and treat disease. The subject includes recombinant DNA, genetically engineered insulin, vaccines, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, while distinguishing therapeutic applications from agricultural and industrial biotechnology.
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