The disease which causes mental retardation is:
Correct answer: C. Phenylketonuria
- A. Sickle cell anemia
- B. Diabetes
- C. Phenylketonuria
- D. None of the above
Explanation
Phenylketonuria is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the gene responsible for producing the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). This enzyme is crucial for the breakdown of the amino acid phenylalanine. When PAH is deficient or nonfunctional, phenylalanine levels in the blood can become elevated, leading to various symptoms, including intellectual disability (formerly referred to as mental retardation), seizures, behavioral problems, and other neurological issues if left untreated.
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About Chromosomes
Chromosomes are DNA-protein structures that carry genes and become visible during cell division. Coverage includes chromatin, centromeres, sister chromatids, homologous chromosomes, chromosome number, and the distinction between diploid and haploid cells, with links to DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis.
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