The direction of the propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a medium is
Correct answer: D. perpendicular to both electric and magnetic fields.
- A. parallel to the electric field only
- B. perpendicular to the magnetic field only.
- C. parallel to both electric and magnetic fields.
- D. perpendicular to both electric and magnetic fields.
Explanation
The correct answer is Option D: perpendicular to both electric and magnetic fields. Electromagnetic waves propagate in a direction that is perpendicular to both the electric and magnetic fields. This relationship is governed by Maxwell's equations, which describe the behavior of electromagnetic fields. The other options are incorrect because the direction of propagation is not solely parallel to the electric field, perpendicular to the magnetic field, or parallel to both electric and magnetic fields.
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About Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves consist of mutually perpendicular, oscillating electric and magnetic fields that also remain perpendicular to the direction of propagation. They travel through vacuum at the speed of light and include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays. Unlike mechanical waves, they do not require a material medium.
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