The carbon atom of carbonyl group is:
Correct answer: B. sp2 hybridized
- A. sp hybridized
- B. sp2 hybridized
- C. sp3 hybridized
- D. dsp2 hybridized
Explanation
The carbon atom in the carbonyl group forms three sigma bonds: one with the oxygen atom to make the double bond and two with other atoms or groups. To fulfill this bonding requirement, it undergoes sp2 hybridization. This means it:Combines one s orbital and two p orbitals, creating three sp2 hybrid orbitals arranged in a trigonal plane.These sp2 orbitals form sigma bonds with the oxygen atom (one for the double bond) and two other atoms/groups at angles of approximately 120°.The remaining unhybridized p orbital overlaps with the oxygen's p orbital to form the pi bond of the double bond.
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About Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones contain the polar carbonyl group, but aldehydes are generally more readily oxidised and more reactive than ketones. Coverage includes preparation by oxidation or reduction routes, nucleophilic addition of reagents such as hydrogen cyanide and bisulfite, and tests that distinguish aldehydes from ketones.
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