The Calvin cycle is also named:
Correct answer: D. All of these
- A. C3 pathway
- B. Sugar synthesis phase
- C. Dark reactions
- D. All of these
Explanation
The Calvin cycle is known by several names that highlight its different characteristics and roles in photosynthesis: It is called the C3 pathway because the first stable product of carbon fixation is a three-carbon molecule, 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA).The cycle is referred to as the sugar synthesis phase because it is the stage where glucose and other carbohydrates are synthesized using ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions.These reactions occur in the absence of light, utilizing the products of the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into sugar.Therefore, option D, 'All of these,' is the correct answer, as each term provides a valid description of the Calvin cycle.
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Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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