Statements: Some pens are books. All books are papers. Which conclusion follows?
Correct answer: A. Some pens are papers
- A. Some pens are papers
- B. All pens are papers
- C. No pen is a paper
- D. All papers are pens
Explanation
The pens that are books must also be papers, so at least some pens are papers, while nothing is known about the rest. A particular premise can never support a universal conclusion. The final option reverses a universal statement, which is invalid.
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About Syllogisms
Syllogisms use categorical statements such as all, some and no to establish relationships between groups. Questions require checking whether conclusions necessarily follow from the premises, often by mental set relationships or Venn diagrams, and distinguishing valid deductions from conclusions that are merely possible.
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