Silver oxide decomposes when heated to silver and oxygen. If 0.5 moles of lunar caustic is heated up to 450 degrees, giving out nitrogen dioxide and oxygen leaving silver as metal, what is the mass of the residue?
Correct answer: B. 54 grams
- A. 108 grams
- B. 54 grams
- C. 216 grams
- D. 27 grams
- E. 92 grams
Explanation
The decomposition of silver nitrate is represented by the balanced chemical equation:2AgNO3 → 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2This equation shows that 2 moles of silver nitrate produce 2 moles of silver. Therefore, 0.5 moles of silver nitrate will produce 0.5 moles of silver.Using the molar mass of silver (107.8 g/mol), the mass of silver produced is calculated as:mass = 0.5 moles * 107.8 g/mol = 53.9 g, rounded to 54 g.The other options result from incorrect assumptions or calculations in stoichiometry or molar mass application.
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Mole calculations connect mass, number of particles and Avogadro's number, while balanced equations provide the mole ratios used in stoichiometry. Questions cover limiting and excess reactants, theoretical yield and percentage yield, including identifying which reactant is consumed first and comparing the actual product with the maximum possible product.
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