Powdering a solid reactant increases the rate of reaction because it increases the
Correct answer: D. surface area available for collisions
- A. concentration of the solid
- B. temperature of the mixture
- C. activation energy
- D. surface area available for collisions
Explanation
A reaction between a solid and a fluid can only occur at the exposed surface, so grinding the solid exposes far more particles and the collision frequency rises in proportion. This is why a fine dust of flour or coal can explode while a solid lump merely burns. The concentration of a pure solid has no meaning, and neither the temperature nor the activation energy is affected.
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About Factors Affecting Rate of Reaction
Reaction rate depends on the nature and concentration of reactants, pressure for gases, temperature, surface area and catalysts. Collision theory explains these effects through collision frequency, orientation and activation energy, while questions often distinguish a catalyst's effect on reaction rate from its lack of effect on equilibrium composition.
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