Asked in PMC Practice Test 20 (2021) 2021Moderate

Ortho directing groups _ on benzene ring?

Correct answer: A. Increases electron density

  • A. Increases electron density
  • B. Decrease electron density on benzene
  • C. Make benzene less reactive
  • D. None of these

Explanation

The electron donating group such as the alkyl group donates electrons to the benzene ring and hence increases the density. The electron density at the ortho and para positions of the benzene ring is increased by the alkyl group through hyperconjugation.

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About Benzene and Aromatic Compounds

Benzene has a planar ring of delocalised π electrons, giving aromatic stability and equal carbon-carbon bond lengths. The topic covers resonance, electrophilic substitution reactions such as nitration, halogenation, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reactions, along with substituent effects and the distinction between substitution in benzene and addition in ordinary alkenes.

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