One of these processes does not happen as a result of a negative feedback mechanism in humans?
Correct answer: B. Secretion of oxytocin in response to dilation of the cervix during childbirth
- A. Secretion of insulin by the pancreas in response to increased blood glucose concentration
- B. Secretion of oxytocin in response to dilation of the cervix during childbirth
- C. Secretion of glucagon by pancreas in response to decreased blood glucose concentration
- D. All of the above
Explanation
Options A and C are examples of negative feedback. In option A, when blood sugar rises, receptors in the body sense a change. In turn, the control center (pancreas) secretes insulin into the blood, effectively lowering blood sugar levels. In option C, if the blood glucose level is too low, the pancreas releases the hormone glucagon. This travels to the liver in the blood and causes the breakdown of glycogen into glucose. The glucose enters the bloodstream, and glucose levels increase back to normal. Option B is an example of positive feedback. Positive feedback amplifies or magnifies the change or output. The stimulus for oxytocin secretion is dilation of the uterine cervix, which signals the brain to release oxytocin from nerve endings in the posterior pituitary gland. The uterine contractions are further enhanced due to the oxytocin, which results in greater dilation of the cervix, which strengthens the signal for oxytocin release, and so on until the infant is expelled from the uterine cavity.
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About Coordination and Control
Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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