On hydrolysis with dilute HCI, ethanenitrile gives acetic acid through?
Correct answer: B. Acetamide
- A. Formamide
- B. Acetamide
- C. Benzoic acid
- D. Acetaldehyde
Explanation
A. Formamide (Incorrect): Formamide is not a product of the hydrolysis of ethanenitrile (also known as acetonitrile). Acetic acid is the correct product. B. (Correct) Any dilute acid (not necessarily aqueous HCN) can be used to hydrolyze the nitrile functionality. The hydrolysis reaction proceeds faster with dilute alkali (dil KOH). It goes in two steps, first with the formation of the corresponding amide (acetamide), and then again by the formation of the corresponding carboxylic acid (acetic acid). 1 mol equivalent of NH3 is released in the process of hydrolysis, and this ammonia will react with the dilute acid to form ammonium salt of the acid (e.g. NH4Cl). C. Benzoic acid (Incorrect): Benzoic acid is not formed from the hydrolysis of ethanenitrile. Acetic acid is the correct product. D. Acetaldehyde (Incorrect): Acetaldehyde is not a product of the hydrolysis of ethanenitrile. Acetic acid is the correct product.
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About Carboxylic Acids
Carboxylic acids are named and studied through the combined effects of the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, their preparation, acidity and hydrogen bonding. Reactions include neutralisation, esterification, reduction and conversion into acid chlorides, anhydrides, esters and amides, with emphasis on how these derivatives interconvert.
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