Nitration of benzene is carried out by which of the following reactive species?
Correct answer: A. NO2+
- A. NO2+
- B. NO2-
- C. HNO3
- D. NO3
Explanation
The nitration of benzene is carried out by the nitronium ion, NO2+, which is a positively charged electrophile. This ion is formed when nitric acid (HNO3) reacts with sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The sulfuric acid protonates the nitric acid, creating a strong electrophile that can attack and react with the benzene ring, leading to the formation of a nitro group (NO2). The other options (NO2-, HNO3, and NO3) are not the correct reactive species for the nitration of benzene.
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About Chemistry of Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are studied through the structures and reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds. Coverage includes free radical substitution in alkanes, electrophilic addition to carbon-carbon multiple bonds, benzene substitution, aromatic stability and the difference between addition reactions of alkenes and substitution reactions of benzene.
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