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Magnesium oxide is used in the making of the lining of the blast furnace.It is extracted from seawater as follows. Aqueous seawater is added to seawater. Ca(OH)2(aq)+MgCl2 (aq)-------->Mg (OH)2(s) + CaCl2 (aq). The magnesium hydroxide is then filtered off and roasted. Which of the following comparisons between calcium and magnesium explains why magnesium hydroxide forms?

Correct answer: A. The solubility product for Mg(OH)2 is lower than that for Ca(OH)2

  • A. The solubility product for Mg(OH)2 is lower than that for Ca(OH)2
  • B. The atomic radius of Mg is smaller than that of Ca.
  • C. Magnesium is more reactive than calcium.
  • D. Calcium has a higher ionization energy than magnesium.

Explanation

This is the correct answer. As discussed previously, solubility product (Ksp) plays a crucial role in determining the extent to which an ionic compound dissolves in water. A lower Ksp signifies lower solubility. In this case, Mg(OH)2 has a lower Ksp compared to Ca(OH)2. This means Mg(OH)2 precipitates more readily from the solution when Ca(OH)2 is added, even though both Ca and Mg compete with the hydroxide ions.

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About s-Block and p-Block Elements

The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.

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