In SN2 reactions, the hybridization of carbon in moving from substart to transition state changes from:
Correct answer: C. Sp3 to sp2
- A. Sp2 to sp3
- B. Sp to sp2
- C. Sp3 to sp2
- D. Sp to sp3
Explanation
Normally, a carbon atom is sp3 hybridized. In the transition state of the SN2 mechanism, the carbon atom is sp2 hybridized due to its planar structure. At this point, carbon almost acquires 'pentavalency' with three full bonds and two 'partial' bonds, and a planar complex is formed, which is sp2 hybridized. Hence, option C is correct.
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About Nucleophilic Substitution
Nucleophilic substitution replaces a leaving group in an alkyl halide when an electron-rich nucleophile attacks the carbon atom. The topic compares SN1 and SN2 mechanisms, including reaction conditions, substrate structure, solvent effects, nucleophile strength, carbocation formation and stereochemical changes, and distinguishes substitution from elimination.
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