In irrigation engineering, duty of water is defined as the:
Correct answer: B. Area irrigated by unit discharge during the base period
- A. Depth of water applied to a field
- B. Area irrigated by unit discharge during the base period
- C. Time required to convey water to a field
- D. Discharge needed to remove excess soil moisture
Explanation
Duty is the area irrigated by one unit of discharge throughout the crop base period, commonly expressed in hectares per cumec. Depth of water applied is called delta, so confusing duty with delta is a common mistake.
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Hydraulics studies fluid properties, pressure, buoyancy, continuity, Bernoulli's equation, momentum, pipe flow, open-channel flow and hydraulic machines. Water resources extends these principles to pumps, turbines, reservoirs, irrigation, floods and hydrology, while distinguishing laminar from turbulent flow and uniform from gradually varied channel flow.
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