In analyzing group Ill of salt analysis, NH4Cl is added, before the addition of NH4OH. The function of NH4CL
Correct answer: B. to decrease ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect
- A. to increase ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect
- B. to decrease ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect
- C. to increase the solubility of NH4OH in water
- D. to thicken the precipitates of hydroxides of Al3+ and Fe3+
Explanation
NH4Cl, when dissolved in water, dissociates into NH4+ and Cl- ions. When NH4Cl is added before NH4OH in the analysis of Group III cations, the NH4+ ions from NH4Cl are already present in the solution.The function of NH4Cl in this context is to provide NH4+ ions, which are a common ion with NH4OH. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the common ion effect states that adding a common ion to a solution decreases the ionization of a weak electrolyte.NH4OH is a weak base and undergoes partial ionization in solution, producing NH4+ and OH- ions. When NH4Cl is added, the concentration of NH4+ ions in solution increases due to the dissociation of NH4Cl. As a result, the ionization of NH4OH is suppressed due to the common ion effect, leading to a decrease in the concentration of OH- ions in solution.
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The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.
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