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In analyzing group Ill of salt analysis, NH4Cl is added, before the addition of NH4OH. The function of NH4CL

Correct answer: B. to decrease ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect

  • A. to increase ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect
  • B. to decrease ionization of NH4OH due to common ion effect
  • C. to increase the solubility of NH4OH in water
  • D. to thicken the precipitates of hydroxides of Al3+ and Fe3+

Explanation

NH4Cl, when dissolved in water, dissociates into NH4+ and Cl- ions. When NH4Cl is added before NH4OH in the analysis of Group III cations, the NH4+ ions from NH4Cl are already present in the solution.The function of NH4Cl in this context is to provide NH4+ ions, which are a common ion with NH4OH. According to Le Chatelier's principle, the common ion effect states that adding a common ion to a solution decreases the ionization of a weak electrolyte.NH4OH is a weak base and undergoes partial ionization in solution, producing NH4+ and OH- ions. When NH4Cl is added, the concentration of NH4+ ions in solution increases due to the dissociation of NH4Cl. As a result, the ionization of NH4OH is suppressed due to the common ion effect, leading to a decrease in the concentration of OH- ions in solution.

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