In an isothermal process, the internal energy of the system
Correct answer: C. Remains constant.
- A. Increases.
- B. Decreases.
- C. Remains constant.
- D. Varies unpredictably.
Explanation
In an isothermal process, the temperature of the system remains constant. The internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of its temperature. Therefore, if the temperature does not change, the internal energy also remains constant. This makes Option C the correct choice. Options A and B are incorrect because they imply a change in internal energy, which does not happen. Option D is incorrect because the internal energy does not vary unpredictably; it remains constant.
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About First Law of Thermodynamics
The first law relates heat supplied, work done and the change in internal energy through energy conservation. Problems use sign conventions and apply the law to isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric and isochoric processes. Internal energy is a state function, while heat and work depend on the path followed.
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