If Np and Ne be the numbers of holes and conduction electrons in an extrinsic semiconductor, then:
Correct answer: D. NP>Ne or NP<Ne depending on the nature of impurity
- A. NP>Ne
- B. NP=Ne
- C. NP<Ne
- D. NP>Ne or NP<Ne depending on the nature of impurity
Explanation
In extrinsic semiconductors, doping introduces impurities that significantly alter the balance of charge carriers. In P-type semiconductors, the addition of acceptor impurities results in NP > Ne as holes become the majority carriers. Conversely, in N-type semiconductors, donor impurities lead to NP < Ne as electrons dominate. Therefore, the correct answer is the option that acknowledges both possibilities: NP>Ne or NP<Ne depending on the nature of impurity. Options stating a fixed relation between NP and Ne ignore the impact of different doping types.
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A p-n junction forms when p-type and n-type semiconductor regions meet, creating a depletion layer, barrier potential and rectifying action. The work covers forward and reverse bias, junction current, diode characteristics, and how a diode converts alternating current into pulsating direct current through half-wave and full-wave rectification.
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