Identify the correct order of organization of genetic material from largest to smallest:
Correct answer: A. Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
- A. Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
- B. Chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene
- C. Chromosome, gene, genome, nucleotide
- D. Genome, chromosome, nucleotide, gene
Explanation
In the genome, all the genes are contained in a single set of chromosomes. The instructions in our genome are present in the form of DNA. DNA has a complicated structure in the form of a double helix. Single strands of DNA are coiled up into structures called chromosomes. Within the chromosomes, segments of DNA are "read" together to form genes. Thus, a gene is a segment of DNA or chromosome situated at a specific locus (gene locus) that carries coded information associated with a specific function and can undergo crossing over as well as mutation. A nucleotide is the basic unit of DNA made up of a pentose sugar, phosphoric acid, and a nitrogenous base.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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