Human cells maintain concentration gradients across their plasma membranes, such that there is a high sodium concentration outside the cell and a high potassium concentration inside the cell. Suppose that within the cell membrane are sodium leak channels or carrier proteins. These channels would allow sodium to:
Correct answer: D. Move into the cell by facilitated diffusion
- A. Move out of the cell by simple diffusion
- B. Move into the cell by simple diffusion
- C. Move out of the cell by facilitated diffusion
- D. Move into the cell by facilitated diffusion
Explanation
As the question mentions, there is a high concentration of sodium ions outside the cell, which means that through sodium leaky channels, the sodium ions should move inside the cell, not outside. The type of movement that occurs through channels or carrier proteins down the concentration gradient is called facilitated diffusion. That is why the answer is D.
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About Coordination and Control
Coordination depends on receptors, neurons, synapses and nerve impulses, with reflex actions traced through the reflex arc and the roles of major brain regions. Chemical coordination covers endocrine glands and hormones, including how hormones regulate growth, metabolism, reproduction and internal balance, unlike rapid nervous control.
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