For a saturated soil below the water table, an increase in total vertical stress with no change in pore-water pressure causes effective vertical stress to:
Correct answer: A. Increase by the same amount
- A. Increase by the same amount
- B. Decrease by the same amount
- C. Remain unchanged
- D. Become equal to pore pressure
Explanation
Effective stress equals total stress minus pore-water pressure. If pore pressure remains constant, an increase in total stress produces an equal increase in effective stress. This differs from undrained loading where pore pressure may initially rise.
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About Soil Mechanics and Foundations
Soil mechanics examines index properties, phase relationships, classification, permeability, seepage, compaction, consolidation, shear strength and earth pressure. Foundations apply these principles to bearing capacity, settlement and shallow or deep foundation selection, with clear distinction between compaction, which expels air, and consolidation, which expels water over time.
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