Experiment: To examine kidney function, dye was injected into the bloodstream of two patients. Urine samples were analyzed at 10-minute intervals.Observation: Dye appeared in the urine of the healthy patient but not in the one with kidney damage.Question: What does this indicate?
Correct answer: B. Kidneys filter substances from blood into urine.
- A. Dye bypasses kidney filtration.
- B. Kidneys filter substances from blood into urine.
- C. Urine formation is independent of kidneys.
- D. Damaged kidneys excrete more dye.
Explanation
The correct answer is that kidneys filter substances from blood into urine. This is supported by the observation that the dye appeared in the urine of the healthy patient, indicating normal kidney filtration. The other options are incorrect because they do not align with the observed relationship between kidney function and the appearance of dye in urine.
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About Scientific Reasoning
Scientific reasoning evaluates hypotheses through observations, variables, controls, measurements and experimental results. Questions involve identifying independent and dependent variables, recognising a fair test, interpreting tables or graphs, distinguishing evidence from opinion, and deciding whether data supports, rejects or leaves a hypothesis unresolved.
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