Ethanoic acid can be prepared by the oxidation of
Correct answer: A. ethanol under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate
- A. ethanol under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate
- B. ethene with bromine water
- C. propanone with Tollens reagent
- D. ethane with oxygen at room temperature
Explanation
Refluxing keeps the intermediate ethanal in the flask so that oxidation continues to the acid, whereas distilling the product off as it forms would stop the reaction at the aldehyde. The dichromate turns from orange to green as it is reduced. Vinegar is made industrially by the bacterial oxidation of ethanol instead.
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About Nomenclature, Structure and Preparation
Carboxylic acids are prepared by oxidising primary alcohols or aldehydes, hydrolysing nitriles, esters and amides, and carbonating suitable organometallic compounds. Their structures, IUPAC naming, resonance stabilisation and acidic character explain why carboxylic acids differ from alcohols and phenols, despite all containing oxygen and hydrogen.
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