Elements in the same vertical group of the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons.
Correct answer: A. Number of valence electrons**
- A. Number of valence electrons**
- B. Atomic number:
- C. Atomic mass
- D. Atomic volume
Explanation
- **Correct Option: (a) Number of valence electrons** Explanation: Elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar chemical properties because they possess the same number of valence electrons. Valence electrons determine how an element will interact with other elements to form compounds.- **Incorrect Options Explained:** (b) Atomic number: Elements in the same group have different atomic numbers; this property varies across periods. (c) Atomic mass: Atomic mass generally increases as you move down a group due to additional energy levels and more massive atoms; it's not constant within a group. (d) Atomic volume: This value changes for elements in the same group due to the increase in the number of electron shells as you move down the group.
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About Periodic Properties and Trends
Periodic properties arise from electron configuration and effective nuclear charge, producing trends in atomic and ionic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic character and reactivity. Comparisons run across periods and down groups, with attention to common exceptions. The topic also relates these trends to the behavior of s-block and p-block elements.
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Keeping in view the size of atoms, which orders is the correct one:
In the long form of the periodic table, the most electropositive elements occupy:
Amphoteric oxide is formed by:
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The property that always increases on going from top to bottom in a group is (a) Metallic character.
The p-block elements that are not representative elements are (c) Group-18 elements (VIII-A).