During photosynthesis, in the electron transport chain, ATP synthesis takes place when electrons move from:
Correct answer: C. Cytochrome to Plastocyanin (Pc)
- A. Primary Electron Acceptor (PEA) to Plastoquinone (Pq)
- B. Plastoquinone (Pq) to cytochromes
- C. Cytochrome to Plastocyanin (Pc)
- D. Plastocyanin (Pc) to Photosystem I (PS I)
Explanation
When an electron leaves PSII, it is transferred first to a small organic molecule (plastoquinone, Pq), then to a cytochrome complex (Cyt), and finally to a copper-containing protein called plastocyanin (Pc). As the electron moves through this electron transport chain, it goes from a higher to a lower energy level, releasing energy. Some of the energy is used to pump protons H+ from the stroma (outside of the thylakoid) into the thylakoid interior. This transfer of H+, along with the release of H+ from the splitting of water, forms a proton gradient that will be used to make ATP. It occurs when electrons move from Cyt b6-f complex to Pc.
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Cellular respiration explains how cells release energy from glucose through glycolysis, the link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. It includes ATP production, substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic versus anaerobic respiration, and the roles of mitochondria, oxygen and fermentation in energy transfer.
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