Chromosomes were first observed by Walther Fleming in rapidly dividing cells of the _:
Correct answer: C. Salamander
- A. Sea urchin
- B. Drosophila
- C. Salamander
- D. Penicillium
Explanation
Walther Flemming, a German embryologist, was the first person to systematically observe and describe the behaviour of chromosomes during cell division (mitosis) in the early 1880s. He used newly developed aniline dyes to stain cells of salamander larvae embryos, which allowed him to visualise minute, thread-like structures within the nuclei.
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Animal, plant, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are compared through their membranes, cell walls, nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles. The work includes the structures and functions of mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, as well as chromosome organization and the distinction between chromatin and chromosomes.
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