Ca (Z=20) forms an ionic bond with CI (Z=17). What is the chemical formula of calcium chloride?
Correct answer: B. CaCl₂
- A. CaCl
- B. CaCl₂
- C. Ca2CI2
- D. Ca2CI
Explanation
The electronic configuration of Ca is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10. Since, calcium has 20 electrons, it can lose 2 electrons to attain electronic configuration of argon to attain stability. So it will lose 2 electrons from its outermost subshell i.e., 4s2 Ca → Ca2+ + 2e- The electronic configuration of Cl is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5. Since chlorine is 17 electrons, it can gain 1 electron to to attain electronic configuration of argon to attain stability. So it will gain 1 electron. Cl + 1e- → Cl-. Since, Calcium loses 2 electrons, so 1 electron will be gained by one chlorine atom and other by 2 chlorine atom. So 1 calcium ion will bind with 2 chloride ions. Ca2+ + 2Cl- → CaCl2 Hence, option B is correct.
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The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.
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