Becoming addicted to gambling is related to the effects of ____________?
Correct answer: D. partial reinforcement
- A. shaping
- B. vicarious classical conditioning.
- C. unconditioned emotional reflexes.
- D. partial reinforcement
Explanation
Gambling is maintained by partial, especially variable-ratio, reinforcement because rewards occur unpredictably after varying numbers of responses. This irregular reward pattern makes the behaviour highly resistant to extinction.
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