At the end of hydraulic structure, the upward force of sub-soil water just becomes equal to the submerged weight of soil grains Then exit gradient will be called______________?
Correct answer: C. Critical exit gradient
- A. Submerged exit gradient
- B. Balanced exit gradient
- C. Critical exit gradient
- D. All are correct
Explanation
The critical exit gradient is reached when the upward seepage force equals the submerged weight of the soil particles, making the soil internally unstable. Beyond this condition, boiling or piping may begin at the downstream exit.
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