Arrange the following in increasing order of hydration energy: Ba²⁺, Be²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Sr²⁺.
Correct answer: B. Ba²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Be²⁺
- A. Be²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Ba²⁺
- B. Ba²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Be²⁺
- C. Sr²⁺ < Ba²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Be²⁺
- D. Ba²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Be²⁺
Explanation
Hydration energy is the energy released when ions are hydrated. It is directly proportional to the charge density (charge/radius ratio) of the ion. For ions with the same charge (+2), the energy increases as the ionic radius decreases. The correct order of increasing hydration energy is Ba²⁺ < Sr²⁺ < Ca²⁺ < Mg²⁺ < Be²⁺.
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The s and p blocks are studied through their valence-shell configurations, periodic trends and characteristic chemical properties. Work covers the reactions of Group I and Group II elements, the behaviour of Group IV elements, and how atomic size, ionization energy, electronegativity and metallic character change across periods and down groups.
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