All of the following yield glucose on complete hydrolysis except:

Explanation

Starch: Starch is a polysaccharide composed of glucose units linked together in a branched or helical structure. It is the primary energy storage polysaccharide in plants. Complete hydrolysis of starch breaks down the glycosidic bonds between the glucose units, yielding individual glucose molecules. Cellulose: Cellulose is another polysaccharide made up of glucose units, but it has a linear arrangement. It is the primary structural component of plant cell walls, providing rigidity and strength to the cell. Unlike starch, cellulose is not easily hydrolyzed by most organisms due to the specific arrangement of its glucose units. However, certain microorganisms and animals possess cellulase enzymes that can break down cellulose into glucose units through hydrolysis. Glycogen: Glycogen is a highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose units. It serves as the primary energy storage polysaccharide in animals, found primarily in the liver and muscles. Similar to starch, complete hydrolysis of glycogen breaks down the glycosidic bonds between the glucose units, yielding individual glucose molecules. Chitin: Chitin is a polysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine units linked together. It is a structural component found in the exoskeletons of arthropods (e.g., insects, spiders, crustaceans) and the cell walls of fungi. Chitin is not composed of glucose units, so it does not yield glucose on complete hydrolysis. Instead, it breaks down into N-acetylglucosamine monomers.In summary, all options (a) Starch, (b) Cellulose, and (c) Glycogen yield glucose on complete hydrolysis because they are composed of glucose units. Option (d) Chitin is the correct option as it does not yield glucose on hydrolysis since it is composed of N-acetylglucosamine units, not glucose units.