A study reports a p-value of 0.02 for the difference in recovery time between two treatments. Assuming the significance level is 0.05, which interpretation is correct?
Correct answer: A. The difference is statistically significant
- A. The difference is statistically significant
- B. The treatments have identical effects
- C. The study proves one treatment causes recovery
- D. There is a 2% chance the data were collected
Explanation
Because 0.02 is less than 0.05, the result is statistically significant under the stated criterion. A p-value does not prove causation and does not mean there is a 2% chance that the data were collected.
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About Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Epidemiology examines the distribution and causes of disease by person, place and time, using measures such as incidence, prevalence, mortality and case-fatality rates. Biostatistics covers data presentation, sampling, averages, variability, probability and interpretation of study results, while distinguishing association from causation.
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