A researcher predicts that patients who receive a relaxation recording before surgery will report less anxiety than patients who receive routine care. This statement is an example of which type of hypothesis?
Correct answer: A. Directional hypothesis
- A. Directional hypothesis
- B. Null hypothesis
- C. Descriptive hypothesis
- D. Nondirectional hypothesis
Explanation
The statement predicts both a relationship and its direction, namely lower anxiety after the intervention. A null hypothesis would predict no difference, while a nondirectional hypothesis would not specify which group has the lower score.
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Nursing research covers problem identification, literature review, research questions, hypotheses, variables, quantitative and qualitative approaches, study designs, sampling and data collection. It also addresses validity, reliability, research ethics, data interpretation and evidence-based practice, including how research findings can guide nursing decisions and care.
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