A patient with cirrhosis suddenly vomits a large amount of fresh blood. Which action is the priority?
Correct answer: B. Position the patient safely and assess the airway
- A. Give oral water to clear the taste of blood
- B. Position the patient safely and assess the airway
- C. Insert a rectal thermometer to assess perfusion
- D. Encourage ambulation to prevent venous stasis
Explanation
Massive bleeding from oesophageal varices can obstruct the airway and rapidly cause shock, so safe positioning and immediate airway assessment come first. Oral fluids and ambulation are unsafe during active haematemesis.
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About Gastrointestinal and Liver Nursing
Covers nursing care for peptic ulcer disease, gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, intestinal obstruction, hepatitis, cirrhosis and portal hypertension. It includes nutrition, fluid and electrolyte management, abdominal assessment, gastrointestinal bleeding, ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, which must be distinguished from other causes of altered consciousness.
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