A patient who has used an opioid regularly for several weeks develops sweating, abdominal cramps and anxiety after the drug is stopped suddenly. Which concept does this finding demonstrate?
Correct answer: A. Physical dependence
- A. Physical dependence
- B. Drug antagonism
- C. Placebo response
- D. First-pass metabolism
Explanation
Physical dependence causes withdrawal symptoms when a drug is stopped after continued use. Dependence is different from tolerance, which means needing more drug for the same effect, and it does not by itself prove addiction.
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About Principles of Pharmacology
Pharmacology examines drug sources, names, dosage forms, mechanisms of action, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Questions cover pharmacokinetics versus pharmacodynamics, therapeutic effects, adverse reactions, contraindications, drug interactions, tolerance, dependence and the safety responsibilities of the nurse.
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