Free Reproductive Physiology MCQs with Answers

• A. Acts on the uterus to maintain integrity of endometrium in early pregnancy
• B. Production is greatest in the last three months of pregnancy
• C. Is a steroid hormone
• D. Can be identified in the urine of pregnant women by immunological technique

Explanation: hCG appears in maternal urine and can be detected by immunological pregnancy tests.

• A. Corpora lutea
• B. Corpora albicans
• C. Stroma
• D. Mature follicles

Explanation: After ovulation, the follicle becomes the corpus luteum, which is the main ovarian source of progesterone during the luteal phase.

• A. Decrease in tubal motility
• B. Prevents the fertilization
• C. Inhibits ovulation
• D. Prevents the implantation of fertilized egg

Explanation: Combined oral contraceptives mainly suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, preventing the mid-cycle LH surge and therefore…

• A. Progesterone
• B. Prolactin
• C. Prostaglandin
• D. Oxytocin

Explanation: Oxytocin causes uterine smooth-muscle contraction during labour and contracts myoepithelial cells for milk ejection.

• A. Testosterone and F.S. H
• B. Thyroxine and parathormone
• C. A.D.H. and Oxytocin
• D. Insulin and glucagon

Explanation: FSH acts on Sertoli cells to support sperm production, while testosterone from Leydig cells is also required for normal spermatogenesis.

• A. Radio immune assay
• B. Latex agglutination
• C. Immunofluorescence
• D. ELISA

Explanation: Radioimmunoassay is highly sensitive and specific for detecting very small amounts of hCG, making it the traditional gold-standard method.

• A. Sertoli cells
• B. Seminiferous tubules
• C. FSH
• D. Spermatogenesis

Explanation: Inhibin B is secreted mainly by Sertoli cells and selectively suppresses FSH release from the anterior pituitary.

• A. Testis but not ovaries
• B. Ovaries but not testis
• C. Adrenal cortex
• D. Both Testis and ovaries

Explanation: FSH and LH are gonadotropins, so they act on the gonads in both sexes. FSH primarily supports Sertoli cells and ovarian follicles, while…

• A. 14 days
• B. 28 days
• C. 8 weeks
• D. 1 week

Explanation: Implantation normally begins about 6 to 7 days after fertilization, when the blastocyst attaches to the endometrium.

• A. Estrogen
• B. Oxytocin
• C. Progesterone
• D. Prolactin

Explanation: Oxytocin contracts myoepithelial cells around the mammary alveoli, producing milk ejection or the let-down reflex.

• A. Myoepithelial cell contraction
• B. Milk ejection
• C. Contraction of uterine muscle
• D. Lactogenesis

Explanation: Oxytocin causes milk ejection by contracting mammary myoepithelial cells and also contracts uterine muscle.

• A. Gonadotropins increase , estrogens decrease
• B. Lh/FSH increase
• C. Estrogens and gonadotropins decrease
• D. Both increase

Explanation: At menopause, ovarian estrogen production falls, removing negative feedback on the pituitary; consequently FSH and LH rise.

• A. Prolactin
• B. L.H
• C. Testosterone
• D. Oxytocin

Explanation: Ovulation follows the mid-cycle luteinizing hormone surge, which triggers follicular rupture and release of the ovum.

• A. Enters the uterine cavity
• B. Penetrates corona radiate
• C. Comes in contact with zone pellucida
• D. Penetrates cell membrane of oocyte

Explanation: Contact and binding of sperm to receptors on the zona pellucida trigger the acrosome reaction, releasing enzymes that help the sperm…

• A. During intra - uterine life
• B. just before birth
• C. by around 6 years after birth
• D. by around 16 years

Explanation: Male germ cells remain in the premeiotic stage during fetal life and childhood; meiosis begins with spermatogenesis at puberty, commonly…