Free Chromosomes MCQs with Answers

• A. P.A. Levene
• B. Watson and Crick
• C. F. Miescher
• D. Franklin

Explanation: Friedrich Miescher, a Swiss biologist, is credited with the first isolation of DNA in 1869.

• A. Lysine, serine
• B. Lysine, glutamine
• C. Arginine, lysine
• D. Arginine, proline

Explanation: Both arginine and lysine have positively charged side chains, making this option correct.

• A. 60% - 30%
• B. 20% - 80%
• C. 40% - 60%
• D. 90% - 10%

Explanation: Chromosomes are composed of DNA and protein. Most are about 40% DNA and 60% protein.

• A. 10
• B. 1000
• C. 40 million
• D. 140 million

Explanation: A typical human chromosome contains about 140 million (1.4x108) nucleotides in its DNA.

• A. 3'
• B. 5'
• C. Both
• D. None

Explanation: Another feature of DNA polymerase III is that it can add nucleotides only to the 3' end of a DNA strand.

• A. Meselson and Stahl
• B. DNA polymerases
• C. S form
• D. Locus

Explanation: The "S" form of Streptococcus pneumoniae refers to the smooth, encapsulated form of the bacterium.

• A. Locus
• B. DNA polymerases
• C. DNA model
• D. Meselson and Stahl

Explanation: The DNA model refers to the structure of DNA, which was elucidated by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953.

• A. Locus
• B. Meselson and Stahl
• C. DNA polymerases
• D. S form

Explanation: DNA polymerases are enzymes responsible for catalyzing the synthesis of DNA molecules from nucleotides during DNA replication.

• A. 1 chromosome pair
• B. Drosophila
• C. Nucleotide
• D. F. Miescher

Explanation: Penicillium, a fungus, has only one pair of chromosomes.

• A. Open configuration
• B. Nucleotide
• C. F. Miescher
• D. 1 chromosome pair

Explanation: Euchromatin refers to the less condensed form of chromatin, which is the complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of eukaryotic…

• A. 1 chromosome pair
• B. Nucleotide
• C. F. Miescher
• D. Drosophila

Explanation: Drosophila, particularly Drosophila melanogaster, is closely associated with T.H. Morgan.

• A. 2 nm
• B. Nucleotide
• C. DNA replication
• D. Prokaryotes

Explanation: PO4-sugar-base refers to the three components of a nucleotide, which are a phosphate group (PO4), a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous…

• A. DNA replication
• B. Nucleotide
• C. Prokaryotes
• D. 2 nm

Explanation: Matthew Meselson, an American molecular biologist, contributed significantly to our understanding of DNA replication.

• A. Prokaryotes
• B. Nucleotide
• C. DNA replication
• D. 2 nm

Explanation: The lagging strand which elongates away from the replication fork, is synthesized discontinuously as a series of short segments that are…

• A. Transcription
• B. Nucleosomes
• C. Alkaptonuria
• D. Metacentric

Explanation: Homogentistic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of tyrosine and phenylalanine.

• A. Submetacentric
• B. Transcription
• C. Nucleosomes
• D. Metacentric

Explanation: Every 200 nucleotides, the DNA duplex is coiled around a core of eight histone proteins forming a complex known as a nucleosome.

• A. Alkaptonuria
• B. Nucleosomes
• C. Transcription
• D. Metacentric

Explanation: Metacentric refers to a chromosome in which the centromere is located approximately in the middle, resulting in two arms of roughly equal…

• A. Metacentric
• B. Nucleosomes
• C. Submetacentric
• D. Transcription

Explanation: The interaction between RNA polymerase and the promoter region is pivotal in transcription, the process by which genetic information…

• A. tRNA
• B. Human cell
• C. mRNA
• D. Promotor sequence

Explanation: The genetic code is directly related to messenger RNA (mRNA) because mRNA serves as the intermediary molecule that carries the genetic…

• A. tRNA
• B. mRNA
• C. Human cell
• D. Sense strand

Explanation: The coding strand, also known as the sense strand, is the strand of DNA that has the same sequence as the mRNA transcript (except for T's…