Free Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs with Answers
3,130 Biodiversity and Variety of Life MCQs from Biology, each with the correct answer and a written explanation of why it is correct. Free and unlimited, with no account needed.
Biological classification uses taxonomic ranks, binomial nomenclature and shared characteristics to organize life into kingdoms. The major groups include prokaryotes, protists, fungi, plants and animals, with comparisons based on cell type, cell wall, nutrition, body organization, reproduction and evolutionary relationships; prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
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- A. Adenine
- B. Thymine
- C. Uracil
- D. Guanine
Explanation: Retroviruses (like HIV) have RNA as their genetic material, not DNA.In RNA, the nitrogenous bases areAdenine (A)Uracil (U) -replaces in…
Correct answer: Thymine- A. Capsid
- B. Envelope
- C. Nucleoproteins
- D. Host-derived structures
Explanation: The viral genome can be protected by the capsid, an additional envelope, associated nucleoproteins, or host-derived structures.
Correct answer: Capsid- A. Genome and capsid
- B. Capsid and spikes
- C. Envelope and capsid
- D. Capsomere and genome
Explanation: "Genome and capsid" is correct because the nucleocapsid consists of the viral genome (DNA or RNA) enclosed within a protein shell called…
Correct answer: Genome and capsid- A. Double-stranded DNA
- B. Single-stranded DNA
- C. Double-stranded RNA
- D. Single-stranded RNA
Explanation: Poliovirus is a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus, specifically positive-sense RNA, meaning its genome can directly act as mRNA for…
Correct answer: Single-stranded RNA- A. Adenovirus
- B. Pox virus
- C. Influenza virus
- D. Herpes virus
Explanation: Infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV), known as herpes, is common globally.
Correct answer: Herpes virus- A. DNA-enveloped virus
- B. RNA-enveloped virus
- C. DNA non-enveloped virus
- D. RNA non-enveloped virus
Explanation: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily of the Herpesviridae family.
Correct answer: DNA-enveloped virus- A. 162
- B. 200
- C. 234
- D. 155
Explanation: Option A: Correct. The herpes virus capsid has 162 capsomeres, which are protein subunits forming the capsid.Option B: Incorrect.
Correct answer: 162- A. Deoxyribonucleic acid
- B. Ribonucleic acid
- C. Proteins
- D. Deoxyribonucleic acid or Ribonucleic acids
Explanation: The genome of a virus refers to its complete set of genetic material, which encodes all the information necessary for the virus to…
Correct answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid or Ribonucleic acids- A. Icosahedral virus
- B. Naked virus
- C. Enveloped virus
- D. Bilayer virus
Explanation: Naked virus (non-enveloped): Lacks a lipid envelope; only has a protein capsid around its genetic material.
Correct answer: Naked virus- A. Determines the antigenic specificity of the virus
- B. Protects genetic material from nuclease attack
- C. Both A and B
- D. None of the above
Explanation: The main functions of viral capsids are to protect, transport and deliver their genome.
Correct answer: Both A and B631. Which of the following statements explains why viruses are only able to multiply in living cells?
- A. Their binary fission is controlled by host cell genes.
- B. Virus do not possess the necessary components for self-replication.
- C. DNA is only able to replicate inside living cells
- D. They have only enough genetic information for DNA replication.
Explanation: Viruses can only multiply inside living cells because they lack the cellular machinery and enzymes needed to reproduce on their own.
Correct answer: Virus do not possess the necessary components for self-replication.- A. Protein
- B. DNA
- C. Lipids
- D. RNA
Explanation: Every virus has a protein coat called a capsid that protects its genetic material.
Correct answer: Protein- A. Complex
- B. Spherical
- C. Icosahedral
- D. Helical
Explanation: Among viruses, the most common polyhedral capsid shape is icosahedral, which consists of 20 triangular faces forming a highly stable and…
Correct answer: Icosahedral- A. The viruses were discovered 2 billion years ago.
- B. The viruses came from outer space.
- C. Viruses evolved before bacteria.
- D. They can infect all types of cells.
Explanation: The true fact about viruses is that c) viruses evolved before bacteria. The other options (a, b, and d) are not accurate statements.
Correct answer: Viruses evolved before bacteria.- A. Capsomere
- B. Flagella
- C. Hyphae
- D. Septa
Explanation: Capsomeres are tiny subunits that make up the protein coat, referred to as the capsid.
Correct answer: Capsomere- A. Proteins
- B. Glycoproteins
- C. Lipids and proteins
- D. All of the above
Explanation: The viral envelope is a lipid-based layer that surrounds some viruses, derived from the host cell's membrane during viral replication.
Correct answer: Lipids and proteins- A. Assembly
- B. Coating
- C. Integration
- D. Maturation
Explanation: The question specifically asks about the final changes within an immature virion that make it infectious.
Correct answer: Maturation- A. Viruses contain DNA or RNA, not both
- B. Viruses replicate only in living cells
- C. Viruses use the cell's biosynthetic machinery to synthesize copies of themselves
- D. Viral mRNA,viral tRNA, and viral ribsomes are used in viral replication
Explanation: Option A: Viruses contain either DNA or RNA, but not both, due to their small genome size.
Correct answer: Viral mRNA,viral tRNA, and viral ribsomes are used in viral replication- A. Reproduce independently
- B. Contain DNA
- C. Contain RNA
- D. Extracellular
Explanation: Virions, which are individual virus particles, do not reproduce independently.
Correct answer: Reproduce independently- A. 150 nm
- B. 100 nm
- C. 200 nm
- D. 250 nm
Explanation: The diameter of retroviruses typically ranges from approximately 80 to 120 nanometers (nm).
Correct answer: 100 nm