Which statement is incorrect?
Correct answer: D. Analogous organs are functionally different but structurally alike
- A. Homologous organs are functionally different but structurally alike
- B. Examples of homologous structures are arms of humans, forelimbs of cats, and flippers of whales
- C. Examples of analogous structures are wings of bats, birds, and insects
- D. Analogous organs are functionally different but structurally alike
Explanation
The correct answer is the statement that describes analogous organs as being functionally different but structurally alike, which is incorrect. Analogous organs are actually structurally different but functionally similar, such as the wings of bats, birds, and insects. These structures evolved independently to perform the same function-flying-but do not share a common structural origin. The other options correctly describe the nature of homologous and analogous structures and the examples provided therein.
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Evolution describes heritable change in populations over generations through variation, natural selection and adaptation. Lamarckism explains inheritance of acquired characteristics, while Darwinism explains selection of favourable inherited variations; these historical explanations must not be confused with the modern genetic account of evolutionary change.
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