Which statement is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics?
Correct answer: D. Continuous production of mechanical work without supplying an equivalent amount of heat is possible
- A. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
- B. One form of energy can be converted into another form of energy
- C. In an adiabatic process, the work done is independent of its path
- D. Continuous production of mechanical work without supplying an equivalent amount of heat is possible
Explanation
The first law of thermodynamics, or the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. Option D is the correct answer because it describes a scenario that would require energy to be created from nothing, which is impossible according to this law. Options A and B correctly reflect the principle of energy conservation and transformation. Option C, while related to thermodynamics, refers to adiabatic processes and does not contradict the first law.
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About Thermochemistry and Energetics of Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry measures energy changes in chemical reactions and distinguishes exothermic from endothermic processes. Work covers systems, surroundings and state functions, internal energy, the first law of thermodynamics, enthalpy and Hess's law, including the sign conventions used when heat enters or leaves a system.
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