Which one of the following substances conducts electricity by the movement of ions ?
Correct answer: C. Molten sodium chloride
- A. Graphite
- B. Copper
- C. Molten sodium chloride
- D. Mercury
Explanation
Molten sodium chloride contains mobile Na+ and Cl− ions, which carry electric current through the liquid. In solid sodium chloride the ions are fixed, while graphite, copper and mercury conduct mainly through mobile electrons. Students may choose copper because it is a good conductor, but its conduction is electronic rather than ionic.
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About Ionic and Molecular Crystals
Ionic crystals contain oppositely charged ions held by electrostatic forces, whereas molecular crystals contain discrete molecules joined by weaker intermolecular forces. Their structures explain differences in melting point, hardness, volatility, solubility and electrical conductivity, especially between solid and molten states.
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