Which one of the following organisms is scientifically correctly named, correctly printed according to the International Rules of Nomenclature, and correctly described?
Correct answer: B. Plasmodium falciparum-a protozoan pathogen causing the most serious type of malaria.
- A. Musca domestica-a common reptile
- B. Plasmodium falciparum-a protozoan pathogen causing the most serious type of malaria.
- C. Felis tigris-the Indian tiger, well protected in Gir forests
- D. E. coli-full name Entamoeba coli, a commonly occurring bacterium in the human intestine
Explanation
Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite and the most dangerous cause of malaria in humans. Its digenetic life cycle occurs in two hosts: humans, where the asexual cycle takes place, and the female Anopheles mosquito, where the sexual cycle occurs and infective sporozoites are formed. Transmission to humans happens through the bite of an infected mosquito. In humans, the parasite multiplies asexually, producing fever every 48 hours, and the disease, known as malignant tertian malaria, can be fatal as it often affects the brain. The scientific names of some common organisms are house lizard - Hemidactylus, housefly - Musca domestica, Indian tiger - Panthera tigris, and E. coli - Escherichia coli.
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About Biodiversity and Variety of Life
Biological classification uses taxonomic ranks, binomial nomenclature and shared characteristics to organize life into kingdoms. The major groups include prokaryotes, protists, fungi, plants and animals, with comparisons based on cell type, cell wall, nutrition, body organization, reproduction and evolutionary relationships; prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
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